Capella University Biopsychosocial Concepts For Advanced Nursing Discussion

The assessment will be based on the case of a specific patient with a specific condition, disease, or disorder. Think about an experience you have had treating a patient with a condition, disease, or disorder that interests you, or one of the cases presented in the Vila Health: Concept Maps as Diagnostic Tools media simulation.

  • What is the primary condition, disease, or disorder affecting the patient?
  • What types of experience have you had working with patients with this condition, disease, or disorder?
  • How does this condition, disease, or disorder typically present?
  • What are the recommended treatment options?
  • What, if any, characteristics of an individual patient should be kept in mind when determining a course of treatment.
  • How have you used concept maps to help plan and organize care?
  • What are the advantages of concept maps, from your point of view?
  • How could concept maps be more useful?
  • How can interprofessional communication and collaboration strategies assist in driving patient safety, efficiency, and quality outcomes with regard to specific clinical and biopsychosocial considerations?
  • What interprofessional strategies do you recommend health care providers take in order to meet patient-centered safety and outcome goals?

Create a concept map of a chosen condition, disease, or disorder with glucose regulation or metabolic balance considerations. Write a brief narrative (2–3 pages) that explains why the evidence cited in the concept map and narrative are valuable and relevant, as well as how specific interprofessional strategies will help to improve the outcomes presented in the concept map.

The purpose of a concept map is to visualize connections between ideas, connect new ideas to previous ideas, and to organize ideas logically. Concept maps can be an extremely useful tool to help organize and plan care decisions. This is especially true in the biopsychosocial model of health, which takes into account factors beyond just the biochemical aspects of health. By utilizing a concept map, a nurse can simplify the connection between disease pathways, drug interactions, and symptoms, as well as between emotional, personality, cultural, and socioeconomic considerations that impact health.

As you prepare to complete this assessment, you may want to think about other related issues to deepen your understanding or broaden your viewpoint. You are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend, or a member of your professional community. Note that these questions are for your own development and exploration and do not need to be completed or submitted as part of your assessment.

The assessment will be based on the case of a specific patient with a specific condition, disease, or disorder. Think about an experience you have had treating a patient with a condition, disease, or disorder that interests you, or one of the cases presented in the Vila Health: Concept Maps as Diagnostic Tools media simulation.

  • What is the primary condition, disease, or disorder affecting the patient?
  • What types of experience have you had working with patients with this condition, disease, or disorder?
  • How does this condition, disease, or disorder typically present?
  • What are the recommended treatment options?
  • What, if any, characteristics of an individual patient should be kept in mind when determining a course of treatment.
  • How have you used concept maps to help plan and organize care?
  • What are the advantages of concept maps, from your point of view?
  • How could concept maps be more useful?

How can interprofessional communication and collaboration strategies assist in driving patient safety, efficiency, and quality outcomes with regard to specific clinical and biopsychosocial considerations?

  • What interprofessional strategies do you recommend health care providers take in order to meet patient-centered safety and outcome goals? Capella University Biopsychosocial Concepts for Advanced Nursing

Discussion Suggested Resources

The resources provided here are optional. You may use other resources of your choice to prepare for this assessment; however, you will need to ensure that they are appropriate, credible, and valid. The MSN-FP6021 – Biopsychosocial Concepts for Advanced Nursing Practice I Library Guide can help direct your research, and the Supplemental Resources and Research Resources, both linked from the left navigation menu in your courseroom, provide additional resources to help support you.

Assessment

Optional Resources for Capella University Biopsychosocial Concepts for Advanced Nursing Discussion

The following additional resources are for your further exploration of specific conditions, diseases, or disorders. These resources will help you with your initial research for the Concept Map assessment. They may also provide ideas and information for creating your own case study around a specific condition, disease, or disorder if you choose to do so for the first assessment.

You do not have to read all of these resources—nor should you. Review them as needed to complete your assessments.

  • Cancer Capella University Biopsychosocial Concepts for Advanced Nursing Discussion American Cancer Society (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.cancer.org/

Scenario To Use in Capella University Biopsychosocial Concepts for Advanced Nursing Discussion

You have already learned about evidence-based practice and quality improvement initiatives in previous courses. You will use this information to guide your assessments, while also implementing new concepts introduced in this course. For this assessment, you will develop a concept map and provide supporting evidence and explanations.

You may use the case studies presented in the Vila Health: Concept Maps as Diagnostic Tools media, a case study from the literature or your practice that is relevant to the list of conditions below, or another relevant case study you have developed. This case study will provide you with the context for creating your concept map.

You may also use the practice context from the case study or extrapolate the case study information and data into your own practice setting. Think carefully when you are selecting the case study for this assessment, as you may choose to build upon it for the second assessment as well.

Some example conditions, diseases and disorders that are relevant to metabolic balance and glucose regulation considerations are:

  • Cancer.
  • Diabetes (type 2).
  • HIV/AIDS.
  • Hyperthyroidism.
  • Hypothyroidism.
  • Metabolic syndrome.
  • Obesity.
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome.
  • Prediabetes.
  • Pregnancy.

Capella University Biopsychosocial Concepts for Advanced Nursing Discussion Instructions

Develop a concept map and a short narrative that supports and further explains how the concept map is constructed. You may choose to use the Concept Map Template (in the Resources) as a starting point for your concept map, but are not required to do so. The bullet points below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide.

Be sure that your evidence-based plan addresses all of them. You may also want to read the Concept Map scoring guide and the Guiding Questions: Concept Map document to better understand how each grading criterion will be assessed.

Part 1: Concept Map

  • Develop an evidence-based concept map that illustrates a plan for achieving high-quality outcomes for a condition that has impaired glucose or metabolic imbalance as related aspects.

Part 2: Additional Evidence (Narrative)

  • Justify the value and relevance of the evidence you used as the basis for your concept map.
  • Analyze how interprofessional strategies applied to the concept map can lead to achievement of desired outcomes.
  • Construct concept map and linkage to additional evidence in a way that facilitates understanding of key information and links.
  • Integrate relevant sources to support assertions, correctly formatting citations and references using current APA style.

Example Assessment: You may use the following to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like:

Assessment 1 Example [PDF].

Additional Requirements for Capella University Biopsychosocial Concepts for Advanced Nursing Discussion

  • Length of submission: Your concept map should be on a single page, if at all possible. You can submit the concept map as a separate file, if you need to. Your additional evidence narrative should be 2–3 double-spaced, typed pages. Your narrative should be succinct yet substantive.
  • Number of references: Cite a minimum of 3–5 sources of scholarly or professional evidence that supports your concept map, decisions made regarding care, and interprofessional strategies. Resources should be no more than five years old.

APA formatting:

  • For the concept map portion of this assessment: Resources and citations are formatted according to current APA style. Please include references both in-text and in the reference page that follows your narrative.
  • For the narrative portion of this assessment: use the APA Paper Template linked in the Resources. An APA Template Tutorial is also provided to help you in writing and formatting your analysis. You do not need to include an abstract for this assessment.

Capella University Biopsychosocial Concepts for Advanced Nursing Practice 2 Example Paper

The LGBTQ community is of the vulnerable populations in healthcare. These individuals, especially teens, are prone to discrimination, violence (psychological and psychological), and bullying. They are thus prone to mental health issues such as depression and anxiety, while others suffer social exclusion. These effects often limit teens from expressing themselves and often face significant harassment, and can even end up in injuries, like the teen in one of the presented case studies. 

Current studies show that LGBTQ teens are six times more likely to suffer from depression and report higher suicide rates than other teens (Kaniuka et al., 2021). Most of their performance is also low, and their grades are poor due to the stress associated with their identity. Societal stigma on these teens impeded access to vital services such as healthcare and education due to fear of discrimination. Position statements urging policymakers to develop policies that consider their perspectives, particularly gender expression, are necessary. This essay analyzes position statements and evidence on LGBTQ community discrimination.

APA Position Statement

The American Psychological Association is an institution that has supported the rights of the LGBTQ community for a long time, and since the 1970s, when LGBTQs were classified as having mental health disorders. The organization moved from eliminating the diagnosis to developing position statements against discrimination, denial of human rights, and denial of expression (Ryan et al., 2020). The APA, through its numerous position statements, opposes private or public discrimination based on actual or perceived gender identity and supports full access to essential amenities such as employment, housing, and education (APA, n.d.). 

Ryan et al. (2020) also state that the APA opposes efforts by parents or other individuals to enforce a gender on an individual based on stereotypical behavior against the LGBTQ community. The APA also supports social recognition and urges psychologists to support LGBTQ teens by developing strategies to end discrimination. The APA also condemns any discrimination against the LGBTQ from access to healthcare services (APA, n.d.). The APA has also contributed significantly to the understanding of the LGBTQ community and has produced numerous resources to educate the public and gather support from healthcare providers to end the discrimination against the LGBTQ community and promote access to care and quality lives; as identified earlier, they are more prone to mental health problems, physical violence, and they also suffer common healthcare conditions like all other individuals hence the need to improve access and reduce limitations to care access in healthcare.

Interprofessional Teams in Reducing LGBTQ Discrimination in Healthcare

Casey et al. (2019) show that most LGBTQ individuals avoid the hospital due to anticipated discrimination and trauma from past experiences in healthcare. Discrimination in healthcare can lead to poor care services access and quality and safety outcomes. Thus, there is a need to ensure that individuals have good access to care interventions. Numerous reports show that the LGBTQ community has faced discrimination where care providers are reluctant to treat them and have been turned away by health insurance policies (Casey et al., 2019). Ramsey et al. (2022) state that interprofessional teams have roles in advocating for the rights of the LGBTQ in healthcare by ensuring services are gender flexible. They also have a role of voicing their concerns in policy development to ensure accommodation of the LGBTQ community.

The interprofessional team also has the role of developing gender-sensitive policies in care delivery. These include developing competencies for culturally sensitive care to ensure inclusivity and diversity in healthcare (Ramsey et al., 2022). Communication is vital to creating good relationships, and verbal harassment is the most common harassment method in healthcare. Stokes (2019) note that nurses and other healthcare providers are patient advocates and fight to develop healthcare laws and policies that favor their patients. A robust needs assessment informs these policies. 

Interprofessional teams should invest in understanding the unique needs of these patients to assist in policy development, research, and education directed toward meeting these needs (Ramsey et al., 2022). An interprofessional team approach is crucial due to the various effects of discrimination, and varied perspectives are necessary to prevent and manage LGBTQ community discrimination and sequelae. Jaffe (2020) states that interprofessional teams should first develop policies that protect LGBTQ employees from harassment and transfer the same energy to the general population, leveraging current supporting laws and policies. Interprofessional teams have vital roles to play in protecting the LGBTQ community, including fellow employees, from discrimination, violence, and poor healthcare access,

Evidence and Position Statement of LGBTQ Discrimination in Healthcare

Institutions such as ANA show that discrimination against the LGBTQ and gender expression is rampant despite the widespread efforts to fight the discrimination. ANA is the nursing professional body responsible for guiding nursing practices. The professional body condemns discrimination by nursing professionals against individuals based on sexual orientation. It supports efforts to defend and protect human and civil rights, including the right to work, live, study, or serve without harmful activities such as bullying, bias, and harassment (Stokes, 2019). Nurses should offer services to all patients regardless of their faith, age, health status, culture, or sexual orientation. The care focus is maintaining human dignity and lessening the health disparities in the LGBTQ community.  

The Affordable Care Act also supports the LGBTQ community in accessing care services. The act prohibits healthcare facilities, insurers, health plans, and healthcare employees from discriminating against individuals based on their orientation (Zanetos & Skipper, 2020). LGBTQ patients are given all rights as the general population in healthcare access. Rosenthal et al. (2022) note that the center for Medicaid and Medicare is a non-discriminative insurer to ensure health insurance coverage and the elimination of healthcare disparities present in the LGBTQ communities. ACA provisions also require healthcare plans to provide all-sex-specific preventive services, meaning that LGBTQ individuals cannot be denied these services due to the sex assigned at birth (Zanetos & Skipper, 2020).

Statistics show that more than 1.8 million teens identify as LGBTQ, about 6% of the adults identify as LGBTQ, and about half are bisexual (Casey et al., 2019.). These individuals are prone to violence and mental health issues and reports show that LGBTQ individuals are more exposed to depression, suicide, and psychological distress (Kassing et al., 2021). Most of these individuals face multiple problems, from hatred in the community, being chased away from home, and bullying at the workplace and school. 

Kassing et al. (2021) show that numerous reports have linked identifying as LGBTQ to widespread hatred and subsequent physical abuse, which have detrimental effects on victims; physical and mental well-being. Transgender individuals are most significantly affected due to the physiologic changes associated with their orientation that affect their social interactions. Statistics in the criminal justice system also show that there are significantly more LGBTQ individuals in jail than in the general population, the number being higher in juveniles (Nadal, 2020).

While these position statements and the legal framework may show strong support for the LGBTQ community and prevent their discrimination, these individuals still face significant health issues (Nadal et al., 2019). There is a lack of eloquent groups to produce statements contrary to those seeking equity in vital services access. However, the societal reaction to the LGBTQ community remains harsh and unwelcoming. Contrary to these position statements by the professional bodies, statistics show that the LGBTQ communities are still highly discriminated against in societies, healthcare, and other vital services, and more steps are necessary to lessen health disparities and improve the quality of life of the LGBTQ community (Casey et al., 2019). Despite a functioning legal framework, they still face hate, discrimination, and fear, and more interventions are necessary.

Facilitating Improvements Within the LGBTQ Community

The LGBTQ community has seen many milestones in its development, resulting from various facilitating roles of institutions and laws eliminating discrimination in schools, workplaces, and vital services such as banking, healthcare, and health insurance. The LGBTQ community has evolved from being classified as mentally ill- sociopathic personality disturbance- to being protected by the law against discrimination and violence (APA, n.d.). There is a need to develop best practices to reduce discrimination, increase acceptance, and improve gender expression without fear. The best practices discussed in this area have been derived from the various evidence from research studies and position statements from the ACA, ANA, ad APA. These best practices include:

  1. Eliminate stereotypes in healthcare through robust continuous professional education to help reduce the health disparities in the LGBTQ community based on gender (Ramsey et al., 2022).
  2. Do not assume gender identity, and always ask the client their name and how one should refer to them, including nouns
  3. Healthcare professionals and professional bodies should invest in research aimed at reducing barriers to LGBTQ community support, discrimination elimination, and addressing disparities in healthcare
  4. LGBTQ empowerment through education on their health risks and the obstacles they face to ensure they are ready to tackle these challenges.
  5. Creation and protection of safe places for the LGBTQs are other strategies. Despite legal frameworks and support from institutions, this vulnerable population still faces rejection, hatred, and stigma. These safe places will help them express their gender without discrimination and keep them safe from all types of violence they are exposed to in the community (APA, 2022).
  6. Including LGBTQ needs and care in the nursing and other healthcare professionals’ curriculum (Stokes, 2019). They have varied needs, and it is vital to understand them, and their assessment and management

Conclusion

More than one problem affects vulnerable populations, making them prone to injustices. The LGBTQ community faces many issues, such as discrimination and poor access to vital services such as school and healthcare facilities. They are also bullied and are subject to physical and psychological violence. ANA, ACA, and APA provide the most robust policy and position statement support to the LGBTQ community in matters related to healthcare. Their position statements have shaped healthcare and redirected efforts to bridge healthcare gaps between the LGBTQ community and the general population. A new position statement based on the evidence and position statements to improve healthcare access and reduce discrimination against the LGBTQ community is thus vital.

Capella University Biopsychosocial Concepts for Advanced Nursing Discussion References

America Psychological Association (n.d.). Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity: Policy Statements on LGBTQ Concerns. Public Interest Directorate. https://www.apa.org/pi/lgbt/resources/policy

Casey, L. S., Reisner, S. L., Findling, M. G., Blendon, R. J., Benson, J. M., Sayde, J. M., & Miller, C. (2019). Discrimination in the United States: Experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer Americans. Health services research, 54, 1454-1466. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.13229

Jaffe, S. (2020). LGBTQ discrimination in US health care under scrutiny. The Lancet, 395(10242), 1961. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31446-X

Kaniuka, A., Pugh, K. C., Jordan, M., Brooks, B., Dodd, J., Mann, A. K., Williams, S. L., Hirsch, J. K, & Hirsch, J. K. (2019). Stigma and suicide risk among the LGBTQ population: Are anxiety and depression to blame, and can connectedness to the LGBTQ community help? Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health, 23(2), 205-220. https://doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2018.1560385

Kassing, F., Casanova, T., Griffin, J. A., Wood, E., & Stepleman, L. M. (2021). The effects of polyvictimization on mental and physical health outcomes in an LGBTQ sample. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 34(1), 161-171. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.22579

Liz Stokes, J. D. (2019). ANA position statement: Nursing advocacy for LGBTQ+ populations. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 24(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol24No01PoSCol02

Nadal, K. L. (2019). A decade of microaggression research and LGBTQ communities: An introduction to the special issue. Journal of Homosexuality, 66(10), 1309-1316. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2018.1539582

Nadal, K. L. Y. (2020). Queering law and order (Ed.): LGBTQ communities and the criminal justice system. Lexington Books.

Peterson, A. L., Bender, A. M., Sullivan, B., & Karver, M. S. (2021). Ambient discrimination, victimization, and suicidality in a non-probability US sample of LGBTQ adults. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 50, 1003-1014. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-020-01888-4

Ramsey, Z. S., Davidov, D. M., Levy, C. B., & Abildso, C. G. (2022). An etic view of LGBTQ healthcare: Barriers to access according to healthcare providers and researchers. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services, 34(4), 502-520. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538720.2022.2042452

Rosenthal, A. E., George, P., Tobin-Tyler, E., & Adashi, E. Y. (2022). The past and future of gender nondiscrimination policy under the affordable care act. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 62(1), 128-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2021.06.019

Zanetos, J. M., & Skipper, A. W. (2020). The effects of health care policies: LGBTQ aging adults. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 46(3), 9-13. https://doi.org/10.3928/00989134-20200203-02